China Central Review Agency, Hong Kong, February 2 — An article published by Singapore’s *Lianhe Zaobao* on January 30 titled *"Genetically Modified Foods: The New Hidden Dangers of Sino-U.S. Relations"* highlights the growing tensions between the two nations over genetically modified (GM) food imports. According to the report, in late 2013, China returned over 600,000 tons of U.S. corn and its derivatives due to concerns over unapproved GM components. China claimed that the shipments contained MIR162, a genetically modified trait not yet approved by its agricultural authorities. In contrast, the U.S. government suggested that this move was an act of trade protectionism or retaliation.
This is not the first time that genetically modified foods have sparked trade disputes between the U.S. and China. In 2001, after China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO), many Americans anticipated a significant increase in agricultural exports to China. However, shortly after, China introduced new regulations, including the *"Regulations on the Safety Management of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms"* in May 2001, followed by the *"Administrative Measures on the Labeling of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms"* and the *"Administrative Measures on the Import Safety of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms"* in 2002. These rules imposed strict controls on the import of GM crops like soybeans and corn, which are widely used in the U.S. market.
As a result, China effectively created technical trade barriers that protected its domestic agriculture but also significantly impacted U.S. agricultural exports. To avoid a full-blown trade conflict, both sides engaged in multiple rounds of consultations, eventually reaching a compromise to prevent further escalation.
In December 2013, officials from both countries met during the U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade to discuss the issue of GM corn. Despite pressure from the U.S., China continued to reject shipments containing the unapproved MIR162 trait. Chen Xiaohua, Deputy Director of the Ministry of Agriculture, emphasized that China would maintain strict evaluation and inspection processes for all GM products and would not set a timeline for the commercialization of GM foods. Given the complex background of the dispute and the strategic importance of agricultural trade between the two countries, this issue is expected to remain unresolved for some time, with potential long-term implications for bilateral relations.
Food security remains a top priority for both nations. The GM food dispute reflects broader domestic debates in China about the safety and regulation of genetically modified technology. For over two decades, the global community has debated whether GM crops are safe. In recent years, public concern in China has intensified, partly due to the rapid expansion of GM products in the market and the government's decision to commercialize GM staple crops. At the same time, frequent food safety incidents have heightened public anxiety, making the issue of GM foods a highly sensitive topic in Chinese society.
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