In the context of technical renovation, the reinforcement techniques commonly used for reinforced concrete structures in a factory include bonded steel, carbon fiber bonding, and planted steel bars (or bolts). Among these, the planted steel bar (bolt) method is considered one of the most convenient, efficient, and cost-effective solutions. The construction process involves the following steps:
1. First, the steel bars or bolts are cut according to the structural positions and the diameters specified in the design drawings, as well as the diameter of the planting holes.
2. A scaffolding or construction platform is erected on the lower side of beams and columns, ensuring it is stable and secure.
3. The steel bars (bolts) are positioned and marked on the beam and column sections, while any rust on the steel bars is removed.
4. Based on the dimensions of the beam or column section, the concrete strength, and anchoring requirements, an appropriate drilling tool is selected. The hole diameter should be slightly larger than the steel bar diameter, and the depth must meet either the design or construction specifications.
5. High-pressure air compressors are used for drilling and dust removal. The hole surface is cleaned with acetone, and after drying, the hole is sealed with cotton wool to prevent debris from entering.
6. On-site, the GE/MG anchoring agent is prepared according to the dryness or wetness of the hole. After mixing thoroughly, it is injected or inserted into the anchoring section of the hole. The ratio for GEMG-1 anchoring agent with diluent is 10:1, and for GEMG-2 with clean water, it is 1:0.135.
7. The rust-free steel bars (bolts) are then inserted into the anchor holes and properly aligned to ensure proper fixation.
8. Once the adhesive has cured, the beam and column surfaces are cleaned, and sealing measures such as grouting or mortar filling are applied to close the holes.
After completion, the reinforced area requires curing. If the ambient temperature is above zero degrees Celsius, the curing time can be adjusted to 4 days by modifying the adhesive mix. In colder conditions, heating rods can be used to maintain the required temperature, allowing the work to continue. After curing, the glued bolts can be tested for pull-out resistance. If the building thickness does not allow for full embedment of the reinforcing bar, an expansion bolt (self-tapped) can be added at the end.
During the installation of planted bars (bolts), several key considerations should be taken into account:
1. The planted bar technique offers great potential in the renovation of multi-story old reinforced concrete frame buildings, saving both time and costs. It can also be used with GEMG-2 binder in the presence of water.
2. This method must only be applied when the original concrete strength exceeds C15 and the concrete quality is acceptable.
3. Drilling may sometimes result in positional deviation if it encounters existing rebars, so strict control is necessary during the construction phase.
4. The planting position must be at least 50mm away from the outer edge of the concrete foundation to avoid damaging the original structure.
In summary, the use of planted bar (bolt) technology not only addresses the need to reposition anchor bolts during equipment upgrades but also allows for replacement of broken bolts and the addition of lifting rings and beams to existing reinforced concrete structures. This technique effectively solves various challenges related to the integration of old and new structures, while overcoming site constraints, reducing construction time, and significantly lowering overall costs.
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