When using laser cutting equipment, if you notice a decrease in the laser power, there are several steps you should take to diagnose the issue. First, observe the color of the laser inside the glass envelope of the generator. If the light appears pink even at high power, it may indicate that the generator is failing. At this point, you should perform a generator leak test, burn thermal paper, and use an instrument to check the power output. These tests will help you determine whether the problem lies with the generator itself.
During the visual inspection, if the glass tube shows a pinkish hue, it's a sign that the generator might be compromised. You should then check for gas leaks and conduct the thermal paper test. The gas leak test should be performed by the operator, while the machine itself can run a self-check for air leakage. Normally, the acceptable air leakage should not exceed 5 mbar per hour. If the measured leakage reaches 54 mbar, it confirms that the generator has a leak. In the thermal paper test, if the burned holes are irregular or not fully burned through, it could mean that the laser power has dropped and the beam alignment mirrors are misaligned. If cracks are found in the glass tube, try sealing them with glass glue and recheck the gas leakage. If the leakage remains below 5 mbar/hour, the repair is considered acceptable. However, if the sealed area turns dark red, it indicates very low cutting power, suggesting that the repair method wasn’t effective.
After repeating the thermal paper test, clean and maintain the five mirrors of the system. Use a specialized tool to carefully align the beam center. Once the maintenance is complete, if the glass tube color looks normal and the laser power is slightly lower than usual, consider replacing the B-axis lens. After replacement, the power should return to normal levels.
For cases where the glass tube has ruptured, here are some possible causes and preventive measures:
1. High humidity can cause condensation inside the generator. If water droplets are found on the generator cover or watermarks on the cracked glass tube, it’s a sign of excessive moisture. Installing high-power air conditioners and dehumidifiers can help reduce humidity. High-temperature, high-humidity environments can also lead to glass rupture.
2. A significant pressure difference between the inside and outside of the glass tube can cause failure. To prevent this, ensure the internal filling pressure matches the external pressure setting, reducing the risk of pressure imbalance.
3. Aging or defects in the B-axis lens can affect the laser output. Regular inspection and maintenance of this component are essential.
4. Before replacing the glass tube, make sure the mirrors are properly aligned with the optical path. If the mirrors are not removed before the replacement, the laser power should return to normal after the new tube is installed.
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