Understanding the indoor space scale is crucial for effective interior design. Improper spatial proportions can significantly affect the ease of movement, comfort during activities, and visual balance. These measurements also set the standard for good design. Before starting any renovation, it's essential for homeowners to evaluate their specific needs and the required sizes for different activities within the space. By mastering accurate dimensions, you can better understand your living habits and create a lifestyle that suits your home environment.
Three Points and One Line – Attention to Detail
In the kitchen, the main activity areas are typically divided into three: the preparation area, cooking area, and refrigerator storage. The typical movement pattern is from the refrigerator to the side dish area, then to the cooking zone — forming a straight line. According to long-term testing, the total distance between these three points should be between 365.8 cm and 670.5 cm, ensuring smooth workflow without making the path too long or inefficient. It’s best to avoid overlapping paths or sharp angles, as this can increase effort and reduce efficiency. Adjust the size of each area based on your daily routines and habits.
Tip: If cabinets are too deep, it becomes inconvenient to access items and may block sightlines, creating a cluttered appearance.
Size Changes with Furniture Function
The living room serves multiple purposes, such as hosting guests and social gatherings. When it comes to spatial planning, two key factors are sofa size and furniture placement spacing. Sofas come in various types — single, double, triple, and corner — and choosing the right size depends on the available space. A TV cabinet should ideally be between 40 cm and 120 cm in height, with a minimum depth of 50 cm. High cabinets for books and accessories should be at least 30 cm thick. The overall dimensions of the cabinet should complement the wall space. The minimum distance between the sofa and the TV should be around 300 cm, depending on the TV size (e.g., 25 inches).
Tip: If the living room is central, leave a walkway of at least 100–120 cm wide to allow two people to pass comfortably without bumping into each other.
Bed-Centered Design
The bedroom is centered around the bed, so it's important to maintain appropriate distances from surrounding furniture. A double bed should have at least 60 cm of clearance on both sides, while a single bed only needs 60 cm on one side. The size and door type of the wardrobe should be chosen based on the room size. The distance between the closet and the bed should not be less than 90 cm, making it easier to open the door without tripping over the bed. If there is more than 90 cm between the closet and the bed, a sliding door is a good option. Otherwise, a push door might be necessary to avoid obstruction. Also, consider the internal height of the wardrobe — spaces under 10 cm are uncomfortable, so they are usually avoided. The ideal depth of a wardrobe is between 55 cm and 60 cm, with a height of about 220 cm.
If the bedroom is small, make the wardrobe as tall as possible, leaving extra space on top for seasonal items, keeping the look neat and organized.
Tip: If there are two beds in the bedroom, they should be at least 90 cm apart. This allows enough space for a nightstand and ensures two people can move freely between them.
Comprehensive Planning for Bathrooms
Bathrooms are typically divided into three main zones: washing, bathing, and toileting. The main pathway should be around 122 cm wide to allow one person to wash their face comfortably. The height of the sink is also important — too low causes strain, while too high makes it hard to reach. For children, the sink height is usually between 66 cm and 81 cm.
A comfortable shower should be at least 80 cm x 80 cm, with 100 cm x 100 cm being the most comfortable. A smaller size can limit movement and make it difficult to turn around or undress.
Tip: Ensure there is at least 61 cm of space in front of the toilet for easy access. If it’s too narrow, people may struggle to move or retrieve toilet paper. Place the toilet paper holder about 30 cm away from the toilet for convenience.
Interior Design Guide: Zhu Yan, Director of the R&D Management Center at Dongyi Risheng, Beijing News reporter Feng Jing
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