"Earthquake warning" refers to the action of a sudden large earthquake that has occurred, rushes to warn and takes measures before serious disasters have yet to form, namely "earthquake early warning". The main targets are major facilities and lifeline projects such as nuclear power stations and gas pipelines. , subways, high-speed trains, etc. are not commonly referred to as "earthquake forecasting." The basic difference between the two is that the earthquake prediction is to pre-notify the earthquake events that have not yet occurred but are likely to occur, and the earthquake warning is that a destructive earthquake has occurred, and the forthcoming disaster will be given a warning and urgent action.
What is the specific working principle of earthquake warning?
One is the use of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave propagation speed difference, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is 300,000 kilometers per second, and the seismic wave propagation speed is about more than 6,000 meters per second, grab "time difference." For example, when a magnitude 7 earthquake occurred on the west coast of Mexico, more than 300 kilometers away from Mexico City, the Seismic Station near the epicenter received seismic waves first and sent signals to Mexico City via electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves “preemptively†arrived in Mexico City earlier than the earthquake waves and made an early warning.
The second is to use the difference in the propagating speeds of longitudinal waves (P-waves) and transverse waves (S-waves) when the seismic waves propagate in close proximity. Specifically, the longitudinal wave is faster than the transverse wave, and the transverse wave causes much more disaster than the longitudinal wave, and the time difference between them can be utilized.
The third is through the establishment of ground motion monitoring system. When the local vibration amplitude exceeds the given threshold, the monitor alarms and takes emergency measures, such as the safe shutdown of nuclear power plants to prevent nuclear leakage.
What is the blind spot for earthquake warning?
The propagation speed of longitudinal wave and transverse wave is not much different. The available time difference is very small. Within a few seconds to ten seconds, the seismic monitoring station has to recognize and analyze the seismic wave information, and it is often too late to issue an early warning.
What is the specific working principle of earthquake warning?
One is the use of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave propagation speed difference, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is 300,000 kilometers per second, and the seismic wave propagation speed is about more than 6,000 meters per second, grab "time difference." For example, when a magnitude 7 earthquake occurred on the west coast of Mexico, more than 300 kilometers away from Mexico City, the Seismic Station near the epicenter received seismic waves first and sent signals to Mexico City via electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves “preemptively†arrived in Mexico City earlier than the earthquake waves and made an early warning.
The second is to use the difference in the propagating speeds of longitudinal waves (P-waves) and transverse waves (S-waves) when the seismic waves propagate in close proximity. Specifically, the longitudinal wave is faster than the transverse wave, and the transverse wave causes much more disaster than the longitudinal wave, and the time difference between them can be utilized.
The third is through the establishment of ground motion monitoring system. When the local vibration amplitude exceeds the given threshold, the monitor alarms and takes emergency measures, such as the safe shutdown of nuclear power plants to prevent nuclear leakage.
What is the blind spot for earthquake warning?
The propagation speed of longitudinal wave and transverse wave is not much different. The available time difference is very small. Within a few seconds to ten seconds, the seismic monitoring station has to recognize and analyze the seismic wave information, and it is often too late to issue an early warning.
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