Low voltage circuit breaker protection performance

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Low-voltage circuit breakers play a crucial role in low-voltage power distribution systems. These protective devices offer functions such as overcurrent protection, overload protection, control, and isolation. They are widely used in both industrial and civil construction applications. If improperly designed, they can lead to disruptions in the power supply. Therefore, during the design of a low-voltage power distribution system, special attention must be given to the selectivity and cascade protection of the circuit breakers.

Selectivity is one of the key factors in ensuring the reliability of a low-voltage distribution system. In a system protected by circuit breakers, when a fault occurs, only the circuit breaker closest to the fault point should trip, while others remain operational. This minimizes the impact of the fault, allowing unaffected circuits to continue operating normally. Without selective protection, electrical appliances like refrigerators and range hoods may shut down unexpectedly, disrupting daily life.

Low-voltage circuit breakers can be classified into selective and non-selective types based on their protection performance. Selective circuit breakers typically have two or three stages of protection: transient, short delay, and long delay. The transient and short delay settings are suitable for short-circuit protection, while the long delay setting is used for overload protection. Non-selective circuit breakers usually operate instantaneously for short-circuit protection, or with long delay for overload protection.

When designing a low-voltage power distribution system, if the upper-level circuit breaker is selective, the next-level breaker can be either selective or non-selective. To achieve selectivity, the upper-level circuit breaker often uses delayed actions from its short-delay trip unit. Key considerations include: first, the instantaneous overcurrent release of the upper-level circuit breaker should be set at least 1.1 times the maximum three-phase short-circuit current of the next stage. Second, if the next stage is non-selective, the upper-level short-delay setting should be at least 1.2 times the next-stage instantaneous setting to avoid loss of selectivity. Third, if the next stage is also selective, the upper-level short delay must be at least 0.1 seconds longer than the lower-level delay to ensure proper coordination.

Established in 2005, Dongguan Yinyin Hardware Products Co., Ltd. specializes in a wide range of products, including silver contacts, electrical contacts, double composite silver nails, riveted and soldered silver contacts, precision stampings, conductive copper posts, screws, pins, rivets, silver dots, binding posts, and more. We produce various metal components such as silver, copper, iron, aluminum, and non-ferrous alloys. For inquiries, please contact Mr. Chen at 13728192869.

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