Calculating the vertical stiffness finite element modeling of the rectangular rubber air spring isolator Considering the symmetry, select one quarter of the analysis to save computation time and computational resources. The capsule of the rubber air spring is mainly divided into an inner rubber layer, an outer rubber layer and a cord layer. Since the capsule of the rubber air spring analyzed is thin, it can be regarded as a thin shell, so the thin shell unit type is selected, which can withstand both the in-plane load and the normal load. When the rubber air spring is in operation, its load is mainly carried by the skeleton cord of the rubber bladder, and its material properties are anisotropic. Thus, cell selection and material description are primarily for the rubber cord layer, and the composite layer material can be selected for description. According to the above analysis, geometric modeling, selecting the unit type, inputting the material parameters, and dividing the grid can complete the finite element modeling.
When the external load deformation map is constrained, the lower end surface is fixed with a fixed constraint, and the symmetric line is symmetrically constrained. The load applied to the upper end face is the displacement load, and the reaction force is the corresponding binding force. The multi-step analysis is performed at the rated working height, the initial value of the upper end face is added, and the inner surface of the bladder is added to the air pressure of the working pressure. According to the calculation result of the previous step, the volume change is obtained, the intra-capsule pressure is adjusted, and the displacement is increased by one increment for the next analysis. The positive and negative of the displacement increment correspond to the compression and recovery process. When the load reaches the maximum value, the positive and negative increments are changed, and the inverse process analysis can be performed. Comparing the above calculation results with the experimental values, it can be seen that the calculated values ​​are very close to the experimental values.
Discussion: From the calculation and analysis of the vertical stiffness of the rectangular air spring isolator, it can be seen that considering the gas in the bladder in the form of pneumatic load, it is feasible to analyze the vertical stiffness of the rubber air spring by the finite element method. Based on this, we can also analyze the effect of effective volume change on the stiffness characteristics in the rubber bladder; change the working pressure inside the bladder and analyze the stiffness characteristics under different working pressures; and change the multi-variable index of the gas state equation to dynamically Characteristic analysis. Compared with traditional theoretical methods and experimental methods, the calculation of rubber air spring stiffness by finite element method is a major improvement. It is accurate in calculation, low in cost, easy to adjust parameters, and represents the development direction of today's engineering technology.
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