The presence of weeds in corn fields varies depending on the planting date, and there are significant differences in weed infestation across different seasons. Currently, during the rainy season, this year's cornfields are heavily overrun by weeds, with common species including alfalfa, foxtail, and fragrant aconite. The corn has now grown to about 4–6 leaves, and it's an important time to focus on the proper use of **herbicides**.
When applying post-emergence herbicides in cornfields, there are several key points that many people often overlook. According to **China Pesticide Network**, here are some essential considerations:
**Key Points to Be Aware Of:**
The best time to spray herbicides after corn emergence is when the corn has 3–5 leaves, and the weeds are at the 2–4 leaf stage. It's best to apply the herbicide on clear, windless days, ideally before 10 AM or after 3 PM to avoid excessive evaporation and ensure better coverage.
**Safe Weeding Tips:**
Paraquat or glufosinate are commonly used for controlling weeds in taller corn plants. However, improper application can lead to damage to the corn leaves. To prevent this, follow these recommendations:
1. Use a modern sprayer and avoid older models like the 16-liter back-mounted sprayer. Avoid sprayers that drip liquid, as they may cause direct contact with the corn leaves.
2. Install a spray shield on the nozzle to protect the crop.
3. Spray on calm days or during periods of minimal wind to reduce drift.
4. Use a dedicated sprayer for herbicides. If other **pesticides** are needed, make sure to clean the sprayer thoroughly before use.
After application, mild brownish spots may appear on the corn leaves, but they usually disappear quickly. Corn plants below the 2-leaf stage are more sensitive than those at the 5-leaf stage, and certain varieties—such as sweet corn and popcorn—are especially vulnerable. This herbicide is also sensitive to corn treated with **insecticides** containing organophosphates.
For optimal results, apply the herbicide when the temperature is around 20°C, with air humidity above 60%, and no rain within 12 hours after application.
**Preventing Phytotoxicity:**
Due to heavy rainfall in June and July, the effectiveness of pre-emergence herbicides like B-A mixtures has been reduced, leading to the appearance of resistant weed species. Some farmers have turned to post-emergence herbicides instead of using pre-emergence treatments. However, improper field management has led to various issues, such as poor herbicidal control and frequent crop damage.
To ensure safe and effective use, follow these guidelines:
1. Apply the herbicide when the corn has 3–5 leaves.
2. Strictly adhere to the recommended dosage.
3. Use safe combinations like atrazine, sulfimsulfuron (before the 4-leaf stage), and clopyralid.
4. Avoid mixing with organophosphate **insecticides**, and do not use them within 7 days before or after herbicide application.
By following these steps, you can maximize the benefits of herbicides while minimizing the risk of crop damage and environmental harm.
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