Leafy materials have been used as animal feed in China for centuries. Our country boasts an abundance of tree resources, and leaves are rich in protein, minerals, and vitamins. Over a hundred different types of leaves can be utilized as feed, offering a cost-effective way to promote livestock and poultry growth while boosting their disease resistance. Leaves can either be fed fresh or preserved in tanks post-harvest. After drying and grinding, they can also be stored and used during the winter and spring months when hay might be scarce.
Hay holds significant nutritional value depending on its type, the timing of harvest, and how it's prepared and stored. High-quality hay can be as nutritious as wheat bran or even better. For instance, alfalfa hay, clover, and dried leeks all have crude protein levels exceeding 20%, making them excellent sources of protein and vitamins. Research shows that one kilogram of premium alfalfa meal contains approximately 230 grams of digestible crude protein, 13 grams of calcium, 2 grams of phosphorus, and 248 mg of carotene. This makes it nutritionally equivalent to one kilogram of wheat bran. Feeding alfalfa to animals can enhance productivity; adding 2-5% to chicken diets, 10-15% to pig diets, 25-45% to beef cattle, 50% to dairy cows, 30% to meat rabbits, and over 50% to sheep.
Sunflower heads, once dried and pulverized, can be included in pig feed at a rate of 10-20%. Pigs find this addition appealing and their growth accelerates after consumption. Notably, the pectin found in sunflower heads is a complex polysaccharide that not only provides nutritional benefits but also acts as an effective binding agent. Incorporating sunflower heads into standard roughage results in a sticky porridge-like consistency, which pigs enjoy.
Tofu residue, rich in protein (with 4.7% crude protein in its raw form and around 25% in its dry form), serves as a valuable pig feed. However, due to its perishable nature, lack of essential vitamins, and presence of antitrypsin, improper feeding can hinder digestion and growth. When feeding pigs with tofu residue, it’s crucial to follow these guidelines: cook the residue by heating it for 10-15 minutes to deactivate antitrypsin; feed fresh tofu residue immediately since its high water content makes it prone to spoilage; limit the feeding amount to one-third of the daily intake; and balance the diet by mixing it with other feeds.
Rice bran and wheat bran are collectively known as bran. Bran feed contains high levels of crude fiber, minimal starch, and rich B vitamins, making it a low-calorie feed. Wheat bran has 14% crude protein, 4% crude fat, high levels of vitamins B and E, and plenty of phosphorus but an imbalanced calcium-to-phosphorus ratio. When using bran as a roughage supplement, extra care must be taken to ensure adequate calcium intake.
Orange peels, rich in carotene, vitamin C, vitamin P, thiamine, riboflavin, and volatile oils, offer health benefits when used as a livestock and poultry feed additive. They can boost appetite, reduce disease incidence, and promote growth. Feeding orange peel powder to chickens, ducks, geese, and other poultry enhances egg production and enriches yolk color. The recommended amounts are 2-3% for chickens, 1-2% for ducks and geese, 5-10% for pigs, and 10-15% for cattle.
Banana peels, when chopped, dried, and ground into powder, can be added to broiler feed at a 10% ratio to improve feed conversion rates, accelerate growth, and lower rearing costs.
Animal blood from livestock like pigs, cattle, sheep, and rabbits serves as a high-quality protein feed. Mixing animal blood with rice bran (or bran, cake powder) in a 1:0.8 ratio and drying it before use is common practice. Typically, about 5% animal blood powder can be added to pig feed, and around 3% to chicken feed.
These various feed options provide farmers with sustainable and economical alternatives to traditional feeds, ensuring healthier and more efficient animal growth across different species.
Paint-Free Door
Paint - free
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China Paint-Free Door ,Solid Wood Door Interior,Paint-Free Door Manufacturer and Supplier
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