Heavy metal pollution has become a talkative word in recent years. According to the usual interpretation of the academic community, heavy metal pollution refers to environmental pollution caused by heavy metals or their compounds. Mainly caused by human factors such as mining, exhaust emissions, sewage irrigation and the use of heavy metal products. The increase in the content of heavy metals in the environment due to human activities is beyond the normal range and leads to deterioration of environmental quality.
In the interview, the reporter found that heavy metal pollution is actually a very complicated issue. People should not be too panicked when they are highly vigilant and strengthen their prevention.
Mercury in cosmetics is exceedingly serious
Recently, a report jointly published by several environmental protection organizations on the investigation of heavy metal content of whitening and freckle cosmetics was released. According to the report, there are different levels of mercury, arsenic and lead in whitening and freckle cosmetics in the Chinese cosmetics market.
According to reports, from March to April 2012, a number of participants surveyed the whitening and freckle cosmetics of 10 cities and online stores, using handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzers to understand the two in the Chinese market. Whether the cosmetics contain mercury. The instrument is used by some companies, government authorities, and scientific research institutions to routinely detect heavy metals in food, consumer goods, and other materials such as soil, dust, alloys, ores. The test results show that 23% of the products have exceeded the standard mercury content, up to more than 40,000 times the national standard (1ppm). Another 10% of the products have arsenic or lead content exceeding national standards.
"The use of mercury-containing whitening and freckle cosmetics can cause mercury poisoning, causing mercury-induced nephropathy, cerebral weakness syndrome, etc." said Hao Fengtong, director and chief physician of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Poisoning Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University.
“We did not see any label indicating that the components contained mercury, lead and arsenic in the packaging of products with excessive heavy metal content, which violated the relevant national standards.†Wang Qiuxia, the investigator responsible for this work, said that according to the Consumer Goods Instructions - General Label for Cosmetics (GB5296.3-2008), since June 17, 2010, all domestic and imported cosmetics that are produced or imported for domestic inspection and sold in China must be truly marked on the product packaging. The Chinese standard name of all ingredients added to the product formula.
According to Hao Fengtong, the number of cosmetic mercury poisoning patients admitted to the departments in which he works is not a cumulative period of months to years, but only a short one month! The clinical symptoms and the amount of mercury in the body are much higher than the average level of patients who have been used for a long time. There are two reasons for this: First, the mercury in the whitening and freckle products used by patients is severe, and the poisoning has its dose-effect relationship; clinicians use the patient poisoning performance to reverse the over-standard mercury content of the product, and often get relevant tests. Confirmation of the results. Second, the degree of serialization of whitening and freckle products is getting higher and higher. The patients admitted today are not only using the previous cases, but also taking some whitening creams. They use the “packageâ€, which is said to be based on different time of day. You need to use daily cream, mask and night cream, etc.
The products in the 10 cities that were sampled were found to have excessive levels of heavy metals. One of the more interesting findings is that there are seven over-the-counter products from the famous e-shopping site Taobao.com.
Lack of testing methods
Compared with the shocking heavy metal pollution incidents that have occurred frequently in various places in recent years, the heavy metal content in cosmetics is a bit "small and sorrowful".
At the beginning of this year, the cadmium pollution incident in Longjiang River in Guangxi affected the downstream section of about 300 kilometers, which is another major malignant event in the history of heavy metal pollution in China. An expert involved in the handling of the incident publicly stated that "this cadmium pollution incident is rare in the domestic heavy metal environmental pollution incidents."
In recent years, only the cadmium pollution incident occurred in 2005, the cadmium pollution accident in the Shaoguan section of Beijiang, Guangdong Province, the cadmium pollution accident in the Zhuzhou section of Xiangjiang Lake in 2006, and the cadmium pollution incident in Liuyang City, Hunan Province in 2009.
According to data from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, in 2009, heavy metal pollution incidents caused 4035 people to exceed blood lead and 182 people exceeded cadmium, causing 32 mass incidents.
In addition, Hao Fengtong also believes that “no one doubts that the harmful effects of heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium and manganese and metalloids on children are greater than that of adults, but so far, there is no separate child mercury poisoning in children, cadmium poisoning in children, manganese poisoning in children. And the technical standards for the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning in children. Throughout the medical institutions in most areas of China, compared with blood lead detection methods, the detection resources of other heavy metals and metalloids are even scarcer. The diagnostic scale of adultization, plus the corresponding detection means Insufficient, will it let us ignore the actual situation of heavy metal pollution?"
Shang Qi, a researcher at the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, believes that with the rapid development of China's economy, the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent. In recent years, group emergencies caused by environmental pollution have occurred almost every year. Addressing environmental water pollution incidents will be one of the long-term important tasks of the environmental management department. Therefore, relevant departments should further refine and improve relevant standards in order to better deal with heavy metal pollution incidents.
"In terms of lead detection standards, people must first determine whether there is damage to the nervous system, digestive system and blood system in the determination of lead poisoning in adults. Based on the clinical symptoms, combined with blood lead and urine lead exceeding the standard, comprehensive judgment is made. The determination of blood lead often starts at 400 μg/L, and the threshold is judged to be significantly higher than the baseline for children's lead poisoning.†Hao Fengtong said that the current determination of lead poisoning in children does not consider whether there is nervous system, digestive system and blood system. The positive signs of damage are only blood lead as the "gold standard" for diagnosis. This brings about a problem worthy of attention. Medical institutions that conduct blood lead detection in children must confirm that their equipment configuration, test method selection and personnel technical level meet the corresponding quality management requirements, because you are providing a diagnosis of lead poisoning in children. gold standard".
"From the perspective of the disposal process of some environmental pollution incidents, the lack of a population health risk assessment link in the decision-making emergency plan is a major lesson." Shang Qi said that the population health risk assessment should analyze the problem based on scientific data. Quantify various environmental risk factors and health hazards. At present, the focus of scientific research in the field of environment and health in China is still focused on qualitative research, that is, answering whether an environmental factor has caused harm to the health of the population, "this kind of scientific research model is seriously out of touch with the government's environmental management needs, and it is difficult to manage the environment. Decision-making provides the scientific information needed, which also makes environmental and health research into a situation of unsustainable development. Therefore, our future research on environment and health should no longer answer '有' and 'æ— ' or '是' and ' No, the judgment is to quantify (grading) the degree of environmental impact on health. It is the most urgent need to carry out environmental impact assessment of population health risks and accumulate basic population health assessment data."
Concerned about surprises
Label: Heavy metal pollution Risk assessment Urine lead X-ray fluorescence Heavy metal content
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