[China Aluminum Network] The construction of windows, doors, and curtain walls in winter is a season in which project quality accidents occur frequently. The concealment and lag of quality accidents are prominent, and construction schedules and preparation work are very time-consuming. In order to ensure normal construction during the winter and ensure that the quality of the project is not affected by the seasonal climate, Xiao Bian especially shares the following plans. I hope that the winter construction of your project can be smoothly implemented. First, winter construction time and content 1. According to the “Construction Project Winter Construction Regulationsâ€, when the outdoor average daily temperature is stable below 5°C for five consecutive days, it enters the winter construction, and when the outdoor average daily temperature is higher than 5°C for five consecutive days, the winter construction is lifted. 2. During the winter season, severe weather such as strong winds, heavy snowfalls and cold currents may be encountered at any time. In spite of the short cold weather, the average temperature decreases by about 5°C to 10°C. This is the key to winterization. The possibility is greater. In order to ensure project quality, reduce costs, and seek reasonable economic benefits, with reference to many years of winter planting experience, when the base line temperature drops below -15°C in the winter season, construction is suspended and the cold current is avoided. After the temperature rises, construction is resumed. For finished products whose construction site fails to meet the requirements of freezing damage, construction insulation measures must be strengthened to prevent possible quality accidents. For projects that do not need to be stopped, the project must be approved by the company’s chief engineer, and the corresponding reliable antifreeze measures and construction methods must be followed before construction. Therefore, management personnel at all levels of the project must always pay attention to changes in the weather, make a daily record of temperature, and reasonably arrange the process to ensure that there is no accident during the winter period. Second, winter construction preparation work 1. Doing a good job in winter construction, winter preparation work is the key, all relevant departments must pay sufficient attention, must do a good job of preparations. (1) Prepare the winter construction plan by the technical department. After the plan is finalized, the relevant personnel shall be organized to learn and the team shall be given a referral. (2) Before entering the winter construction period, organize training for professional personnel such as temperature measurement and heat preservation, study the relevant knowledge within the scope of work, specify the responsibilities, and pass the examination and then go to work. (3) The curtain wall is a vertical work at high altitude. The construction process should be reasonably arranged to avoid cross-border operations and to prevent simultaneous construction from above and below. 2, material preparation (1) The winter temperature recording table and thermometer should be prepared as soon as possible. (2) Organize heat preservation materials, plastic sheets, fire-retardant quilts, and related equipment into the field according to the project progress and physical quantity requirements. 3, site preparation (1) Do a good job of heating the winter office and staff quarters. (2) Construction water supply pipes, fire-fighting water supply pipes, heat-insulated tube shells (3cm thick) shall be insulated with colored strip cloth. The tube is made of rubber hose, which can be used with it to prevent the water pipe valve from freezing after entering the winter and affect the production and domestic water consumption. (3) Increased power usage in winter. It is necessary to recheck the transformer capacity and turn on the power supply. 4, operating conditions (1) The main structure of the steel structure has been completed and quality inspection procedures have been completed. (2) The measurements are taken beforehand. 5, construction process: Measurement line-out → connector installation → column installation → beam installation → surface fluorocarbon spraying → aluminum base installation → glass installation → plastic injection and cleaning → acceptance Third, the installation and construction: (1) General rules: 1 The main works of the steel structure, reinforced concrete structure and brick-concrete structure for curtain wall installation shall comply with the relevant requirements for the construction and acceptance specifications of the building structure; in particular, the verticality and external surface flatness of the main structure and the dimensional deviation of the structure must be achieved. Requirements, otherwise it should take appropriate measures before the curtain wall can be installed. 2 The material types, specifications, color and performance of the curtain wall components and accessories shall meet the design and quality requirements. Components, accessories, glass, sealing materials, gaskets, etc. to be approached during the installation of glass curtain walls shall be inspected and accepted according to quality requirements, and unqualified and expired materials shall not be used. 3 Reasonably arrange the installation and construction sequence of the curtain wall and adopt reliable safety protection measures. The construction environment of the curtain wall and the construction sequence of the sub-projects shall be carefully studied. Sub-projects that will cause serious interference or pollution to the installation of the curtain wall shall be arranged before the installation of the curtain wall. Otherwise, reliable protection measures shall be taken before installation of the curtain wall. (2) Measurement line: 1 According to the curtain wall subdivision maps and the elevation points, in-outlines and axis positions given by the total package units, the curtain planes, columns, and points shall be determined on the main body by means of measuring tools such as weights, steel wires, measuring instruments and level gauges. Grids and corners and other baselines are adjusted and retested using theodolites. 2 The measuring line of the dividing line of the curtain wall shall be matched with the measuring and releasing of the main structure. The horizontal level shall be drawn from the ground layer by layer to avoid accumulation of errors. The error is greater than the specified allowable deviation setting, including the vertical deviation value. It shall be in design, With the consent of the supervisory personnel, the axis of the curtain wall should be properly adjusted to meet the structural requirements of the curtain wall. (3) Connector deviation processing: 1 When the connecting member deviation is 45~150mm, it is allowed to connect the steel plate of the same material with the thickness of the connecting member, and the connecting member is welded. The height of the weld is ≥ 7mm, and the weld is a continuous corner edge weld. 2 When the connector deviation exceeds 300mm or cannot be handled on site due to other reasons, the design department, the owner, and the supervisor shall negotiate with the relevant parties to propose a feasibility treatment plan and after the inspection, the construction department shall proceed according to the plan. 3 When the surface of the connector has a large tilting error in the vertical direction, a flat steel plate with a proper thickness should be used to flatten the electrode and then welded firmly. It is forbidden to use padding or lap welding with irregular metal parts such as steel bars. 4 The size of the steel plate and the number and position of the building anchor bolts can be determined by the design according to the actual situation on the site. 5 The anti-corrosion measures for the connecting parts must be carried out according to national standards. If there are special requirements, they must be dealt with as required. (4) Column installation: 1 Before erecting the column, carefully check whether the specification, size, quantity, and serial number of the column are consistent with the construction drawings. The construction personnel must conduct training on relevant work at heights and obtain an employment permit before entering the construction site; The relevant regulations of the Health Regulations and the current industry standard "Technical Specifications for Operational Safety at High Altitudes for Construction" JGJ80, with particular attention to the prohibition of working at heights when the wind exceeds 5th level. 2 Connect the column first with the connector, then connect the connector with the body connector, and adjust and fix it. 3 The deviation of the installation elevations of adjacent columns shall not be greater than 3mm. The deviation of the larger elevations of the same column shall not exceed 5mm, and the distance deviation of adjacent columns shall not exceed 2mm. 4 Corrosion-proof spacers must be added between the contact surface of the column and the connecting piece (support). After the column has been initially positioned according to the deviation requirements, a self-test shall be carried out, and adjustments shall be made to the unqualified ones. Well-welded connectors and connectors must take reliable anti-corrosion measures. 6 Glass curtain wall columns shall be fastened in place after installation and adjusted; Temporary bolts installed on glass curtain walls shall be promptly dismantled after components are installed, in place, adjusted and fastened. 7 Welding site must take fire prevention and explosion safety measures before operation can be performed; below the weldment should be set fire bucket, the operator must wear protective glasses and face masks; welder grounding zero line and welding work line must comply with the relevant safety Provisions. 8 When the column is firmly installed, the standard block used to locate the expansion joint between the upper and lower columns must be removed and a sealant must be applied at the expansion joint. (5) Beam installation: 1 The beam section is embedded and connected in the column, and the elastic rubber pad should be added at the junction between the two ends and the column to meet and eliminate the requirements of lateral temperature deformation. 2 Beam installation must be performed after the steel structure is completed and the column is installed. The building is installed from top to bottom and the same layer is installed from bottom to top; when a layer of height is installed, check, adjust, correct, and fix it so that it is in compliance. Quality requirements. 3 The beams shall be firmly installed according to the design requirements. The joints between the beams and columns shall be made of a sealant of similar color to the columns and beams. (6) Covert acceptance: 1 Covert construction inspection must be carried out at any time during the construction of the process. 2 Covert acceptance projects include: installation of connection points between components and main structures; installation of gap nodes around the curtain wall, between the inner surface of the curtain wall and the main structure; installation of curtain wall expansion joints, settlement joints and corners of the wall; decorative plates and main receiving The structure of the screw members connected between the force members and the acceptance before the upper screws are not sealed. (7) Component Installation: The glass frame must be cleaned before installation to ensure that the glass and surrounding aluminum frames are properly cleaned to ensure that the caulking weather-resistant adhesive can be reliably bonded; the coated surface of the glass prior to installation should be protected by a protective film and then removed before delivery. 1 The type, specification and color of the glass should be consistent with the design requirements. The color of the entire curtain wall glass should be uniform, and the coated surface of the glass should face the room. 2 The glass frame should be protected during installation to avoid collisions, damage, or dropping. 3 For fixing the clamp of the glass frame, it is strictly forbidden to install or not to install fastening screws. 4 grid glass joints should be vertical and horizontal, uniform width; after the initial positioning of each glass frame, should be coordinated with the adjacent glass frame to ensure that the seam meets the requirements. (8) Fire insulation: (1) The installation of fireproof and heat insulation materials shall be constructed in strict accordance with the design requirements. The fireproof and heat insulation materials shall adopt the whole rock wool, and the fireproof cover plates fixing the fireproof and heat insulation materials shall be firmly anchored. 2 The gap between the perimeter of the glass curtain wall and the main structure should be filled with fireproof and heat insulation material. When filling the fireproof and heat insulation material, it must be filled and filled, no gaps are allowed; and aluminum foil is used to prevent the fireproof and heat insulation material from getting wet. . 3 In the process of filling fireproof and heat-insulating materials, quality inspection personnel should carry out random inspections from time to time, find unqualified and timely rework, eliminate hidden dangers. (9) Seal: 1 After the glass or glass component is installed, it must be timely sealed with weatherproofing sealant to seal it and ensure the airtightness and watertightness of the glass curtain wall. 2 The weatherproof silicone sealant should be cleaned before construction. The joints should be free of water, grease, rust, cement mortar, dust and other impurities; toluene or methyldiethyl ketone can be used as a cleaning agent. (3) The weatherproof silicone sealant should be formed on the opposite sides of the seam and must not be bonded on three sides. The bottom of the deep seal notch should be filled with polyethylene foam. 4 In order to protect the glass and the aluminum frame from being contaminated, the base tape should be applied to the site where it may cause contamination, and the base paper tape should be removed immediately after the adhesive is completely filled. (10) Protection and cleaning: 1 The curtain wall in construction should be protected by appropriate measures to prevent collisions, deformations, discoloration, pollution and clogging of drainage pipes. (2) Adhesives that affect the surface decoration of curtain walls and curtain wall components during construction should be promptly removed and restored to their original state. 3 After the installation of the glass curtain wall project, a cleaning plan (cleaning tools, baskets, and cleaning methods, time, procedures, etc.) should be established to prevent the surface contamination and abnormality of the curtain wall. 4 After the curtain wall is installed, the surface of the curtain wall and the exposed components should be cleaned with a neutral detergent from top to bottom. Neutral cleaning agents for glass and aluminum alloys. Corrosion tests should be carried out before cleaning. It proves that they can be used after the aluminum alloy (the term "alloy" is provided by the Encyclopedia of Industry) and the glass are not corroded; the cleaning agent is a glass cleaner. The difference between the aluminum alloy cleaner and the aluminum alloy cleaner can not be used wrongly. The detergent should be rinsed with clean water immediately after cleaning. IV. Winter Construction Technical Measures 1. For the construction of the curtain wall in winter, the solution to the glue injection process of the silicone weathering glue should be the solution. If the temperature is too low, the curing quality of the weather resistant glue will be affected. Therefore, it should be avoided to carry out glue injection at night, in the morning and in the evening when the temperature is low, and it is necessary to select the time of noon (11:00 to 15:00). 2. At the same time, when injecting plastic, the competent project manager shall appoint full-time quality inspectors to inspect the surface of the bonding material before proceeding with the plastic injection process. Quality inspectors should make detailed records of the temperature on the day of construction, check the quality of the cured product in time, and immediately rework problems. 3, curtain wall steel keel winter application requirements: (1) Skeleton When installing a steel structure at a negative temperature, pay attention to deviations in the dimensions of the steel structure caused by temperature changes. If the steel structure is manufactured at normal temperature and installed at a negative temperature, measures must be taken to adjust the deviation. (2) Avoid outdoor operations in snow, especially when the weather is raining or snowing, stop construction. After snow, the snow on outdoor scaffolding and construction work surfaces should be cleaned and reworked. Winter maintenance is used for mechanical equipment used in winter construction and antifreeze is added to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment and vehicles. (3) Strengthen winter construction education for construction workers, and always remind construction workers of winter work precautions. At the same time, cotton gloves, cotton clothes, and other labor protection products are distributed to construction workers, and construction workers are required to prevent cold and freeze. (4) Hang blue, external scaffolding should use plastic cloth windproof, hanging insulation curtain insulation, ensure the normal construction of aerial workers. (5) Increase the area and density of safety nets for hanging blues, scaffolds, and increase the safety factor for high-altitude operations, and stick to the principle of prevention as the mainstay. V. Winter construction safety measures 1. Conduct a thorough and thorough inspection of all machinery and equipment used, decommissioned, repaired, and in stockpiled at the construction site. If any problems arise, timely rectification shall be carried out to effectively implement the management and maintenance of machinery and equipment during the winter season. 2. Unused machinery and equipment are placed in stockpiles, closed and temporarily deactivated mechanical equipment, to prevent frost damage and damage. 3. The machinery and equipment for multi-shift operations shall strictly follow the procedures for shifts in accordance with regulations, and do a good job of maintenance after the shift. 4, ready for winter materials: vehicle machinery and equipment should be added insulation sets, with good antifreeze, anti-skid fluid, etc., ready for winter with a variety of fuel and lubricant materials. 5. When there are six or more high winds, stop the operation. 6. Before the winter season, the security department must organize construction workers of various types to conduct safety education and raise awareness of safety in winter facilities. 10 minutes before class every day, make a safety check, 5 minutes after class to avoid safety hazards, and make records. 7. Strengthen safety inspections, and prohibit construction site materials from being randomly stacked. If any flammable, explosive or dangerous goods are found to be hidden, they shall be ordered to rectify them in time and review them in time. 8, do a good job of security protection, repair the living area and the construction area access, do a good job of antifreeze, anti-skid, anti-gas poisoning, explosion-proof work. Timely treatment of the ground water, anti-ice surface slip wounded. 9. After the heavy snow, you must clean the snow on the rack and check the horse platform. If there is a loose phenomenon, you must report the project leader promptly and handle it in time. 10, all kinds of machinery must have special management, the operator on the machine to have an examination certificate, and strictly in accordance with operational requirements, prohibiting illegal operations. 11. Hoisting adopts electric hoist hoisting (see the construction organization design for details), hangs the safety mark at an obvious place, and is commanded by professional signal workers. 12. When it comes to contact with hot water, steam, etc. during construction, it is necessary to prevent scalding. 13. When using the hot-melt method for waterproof construction, the torch (or hot-melt gun) must not be operated before the solvent base treatment agent has fully evaporated; the distance between the flame and the coil must be maintained during operation to prevent fires. 14. Winter construction personnel should be equipped with professional winter gloves, shoes and hats, clothing and other cold-resistant labor insurance products, and regular haircuts to ensure the normal construction of construction workers.
