Recently, heavy rainfall has been ushered in across the country. After the rain, high temperature has provided a hotbed for crop pests and diseases. Nowadays, it is the key period for controlling corn pests and diseases. Xiaobian summarizes the characteristics and control methods of corn aphids. Let’s follow the small series to understand Let's go.
First, the damage characteristics
Corn aphid is a homoptera, aphididae. Also known as corn borer; commonly known as wheat bran, greasy insects, ants and so on. It mainly harms crops such as corn and wheat, and also harms weeds such as foxtail, goosegrass and valerian. Take the sap of the plant. Cheng, Ruoqi cluster on the back of the leaves, heart leaves, filaments and tassels to feed, can secrete "honey" and often form black mildew in the affected part, affecting photosynthesis, yellowing of the leaves; occurs in the tassels Affect pollination and lead to reduced yield; plants with severe damage have thinner ears, less full grain and longer bald tips. In addition, aphids can also spread corn dwarf mosaic virus and red leaf virus, resulting in greater yield loss caused by viral diseases. At the same time, aphids absorb a large amount of juice, which makes the water and nutrient supply of corn plants imbalance, affecting normal grain filling, resulting in increased grain size. The weight dropped, and even caused no "empty strain".
Second, the morphological characteristics
The wingless parthenogenetic corpus callosum is long-ovate. If the corpus callosum is dark green, the sputum is dark green, with a thin white powder, black appendages, red eyes of compound eyes, 6 knots of antennae, and a netted surface. The abdominal tube is long cylindrical, the end is contracted, the abdominal tube is covered with a wavy pattern, and there is a black halo around the base; the tail piece is conical, with 4-5 hairs. The winged parthenocarp has a long oval shape, dark green body, black hair on the head and chest, dark reddish brown in the compound eye, and yellowish red to dark green in the abdomen.
Third, the occurrence of the law
It takes about 20 generations a year, and it is wintering in the heart of the grass weeds such as wheat and bluegrass. During the March-April leap year, as the temperature rose, it began to be active and breeding on the wintering host. In late July, the locusts were moved to other summer corn by other hosts. In late July, the corn mites migrated in large numbers. Before the tassels, the locusts were damaged in the heart leaves. From the end of July to the beginning of August, the corns entered the tasseling stage, and the corn mites rapidly proliferated. From the beginning of August to the middle of the year, the number of sputum was over 10,000. At the end of August, natural enemies appeared in large numbers. The climate was dry and cool, and the amount of cockroaches dropped sharply. It concentrated on the leaves of the ears or the lower leaves. Before the corn was harvested, other hosts were moved to the wing.
Fourth, prevention and treatment methods
Agricultural control. Clear the weeds in the field in time. The wheat cultivating corn cultivating method is 10-15 days earlier than the corn sown after the wheat, which can avoid the abundance of the locust breeding and can reduce the damage.
Dressing with pesticides. Before sowing, the corn can be coated with 70% thiamethoxam (Ruisheng) seed coating agent, or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder for seed dressing, which has better control effect on seedling stage aphids.
Chemical control. During the jointing stage of the corn, it was found that the central sputum plant spray control can effectively control the damage of the mites. The following agents can be sprayed: 2.20 ml of 2.5% beta-cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate; 30-60 ml of 10% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate; or 40-60 ml of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate; or 25% thiamethoxam Water-dispersible granules 8-10 g; or 25% pymetrozine wettable powder 16-20 g; or 50% anti-Converse wettable powder 20-40 g; or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 10-20 g/mu, Water 40-50kg, evenly sprayed, if it is serious, it can be sprayed once every 7-10 days.
Five, matters needing attention
(1) July and August are high temperature seasons, should avoid the noon high temperature period, should be protected when spraying, to prevent poisoning when spraying;
(2) From the perspective of ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products, high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticides should be selected in the middle and late growth period. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic pesticides, and scientifically select pesticide varieties, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased at will;
(3) After the spraying, the pesticide waste packaging materials should be brought back to the disposal and destroyed, and can not be discarded at will to prevent environmental pollution.
More pesticide knowledge, please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
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