Corn borer is the main pest of corn. Corn borer is commonly known as arrowworm, corn borer, etc. It belongs to the family Lepidoptera. Corn borer is a world-class pest, with more than 150 species of host damage , of which corn is the most harmful. 5 can cause yield losses of 15% a year. Corn borer can damage all parts of the corn plant, so that the damaged part loses its function and reduces grain yield.
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A corn borer damage characteristics:
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Corn borer is harmed by larvae, which can cause corn leaf, cockroach, stalk, ear dysplasia, and mildew of the grain, resulting in reduced yield. The newly hatched larvae damage the leaves and the mesophyll of the leaves, and then sneak into the heart leaves to make the heart leaves, so that the damaged leaves are semi-transparent film or rows of small round holes, called leaves ; larvae concentrate when packing corn The tassels are bitten in the eucalyptus or tassel ; after the tassels are extracted, they are plunged into the stems, and the wind blows easily to cause the males ; after the females grow, the larvae are old, and a large number of larvae are damaging to the ears. Grains or intrusion into the ear and its surrounding sections, the damage to the pith destroys the tissue, affecting the nutrient transport, causing the ear to develop poorly, reducing the 1000-grain weight, and being easily blown off by the wind at the insect, forming early dead and glutinous grains, and the yield is greatly reduced. .
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Second borer morphological characteristics:
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　　 Adult 1: corn borer adult body length of 13 to 15 mm, yellow color (female) or brown (male) within the horizontal wing dark brown corrugated, serrated outer horizontal dark brown.
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　　 2 Eggs: corn borer egg masses from 20 to 60 eggs were scaly irregularly arranged, oval-shaped flat single eggs, produced when milky white (wax-like drops) gradient as a pale yellow, black egg hatch before the central point (commonly known as blackheads egg ) .
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　　 Larvae 3: Borer length when newly hatched black head capsule 1.5 mm, milky white translucent, mature larva length 30 mm head housing 20 a brownish black body dirty white, dorsal Maopian significantly.
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　　 Pupa 4: 15 to 19 mm borer pupae, fusiform, brown, fine clouds dorsal lateral wavy wrinkles, dark brown hip thorn, the end portion 5 a 8 upwardly curved bristles.
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Three integrated control of corn borer:
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Prevention and control of corn borer should take comprehensive prevention and control measures, and take corresponding effective prevention and control methods in each period of corn borer growth. In the county ( city ) joint defense of the province, joint prevention in the villages of the county, will certainly receive Very good result. The specific method is as follows:
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　　 1 Destroy winter larvae: Treat corn stalks, cobs and roots before winter or early spring worms, killing overwintering larvae and reducing insect sources. Mechanical cockroach, Beauveria bassiana and other methods to reduce the insect source and reduce the number of phlegm feathering. The method of sealing Beauveria bassiana is: before wintering larvae phlegm (in mid-April ) , the remaining straw sputum is sprayed with 2 white sclerotium powder per cubic meter, and one point per cubic meter of sputum is sprayed onto the surface. White smoke ( bacteria powder ) can be used. In general, the insecticidal effect in the cockroach can reach about 80% .
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　　 2 annihilation of adult worms: Because the adult cockroaches are active at night, they have strong phototaxis. Therefore, the vibrating insecticidal lamp, black light lamp, high-pressure mercury lamp, etc. are used to trap corn pupa adults. Generally, they will start to lure at the end of July in late May . The sun sets and turns on the lights, and the morning sun comes out to turn off the lights. It not only traps corn pupa adults, but also traps all phototaxis pests.
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　　 3 pest control eggs: the use of red-eye bee eggs parasitized in the eggs of corn borer to absorb its nutrients, causing corn mites to destroy the eggs and hatching out the red-eye bees to eliminate the corn borer eggs to achieve the purpose of controlling corn borers. Method; Corn Borer after pushing pupation rate of 20% for 10 days, the first period is the best bee, and from about the end of June to early July, every 5 days for the second bee period, twice per acre put 15000, 20000 put better.
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　　 4 destroying the larvae of the field: the self-made granules can be used to kill the corn larvae in the corn heart.
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In the middle of the first corn leaf, 5 kg of fine sand mixed with 0.5 kg of Beauveria bassiana powder was used to make granules, and the Beauveria bassiana was parasitized in the corn pupa larvae. Kill the field larvae.
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The second end of the heart leaves, phoxim 1 kg of 50%, mixed with a fine sand 50 75 kg sieved into granules, administered the leaf sprinkle corn kill the larvae, a one hectare 1.5 2 kg phoxim Just fine.
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Granules made by a third deltamethrin, fenvalerate serve granules in corn leaf, 1 a 2 g per plant.
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Fourth, in the corn heart leaf stage, the liquid is sprayed on the upper leaves of the corn plant with an ultra-low-volume electric sprayer to kill the corn borer larvae that are harmful to the heart. Available agents are: 40% omethoate plus 4.5% beta-cypermethrin ( or 2.5% cyfluthrin ) . G of 30% death rate and other pyrethroids, organophosphorus insecticides 30 to 50 times. 5 artificial removal of egg masses and release of the natural enemies Trichogramma in the field can also reduce the harm.
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　　 6 prevention and control at the ear. After the filigree, the filaments are cut off, and 90% of the trichlorfon 0.5 kg, 150 kg of water , and 250 kg of clay are used to make the slurry into the cut . The effect is good ; 50% or 80% of the dichlorvos emulsion 600-800 can also be used. Double solution, or use 90% trichlorfon 800~1000 times solution, or 75% phoxim emulsion 1000 times solution, drip on the top of the ear, the effect is also good.
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　　 7 biological control
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　　 (1) Release of Trichogramma:
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Trichogramma is a natural enemy of egg parasitic insects. It can be parasitic in the eggs and larvae of a variety of agricultural, forest, fruit, and vegetable pests. It is used to control corn borer, safe, non-toxic, pollution-free, simple method and good effect. The Trichogramma is released during the spawning period of the corn borer, and the bee is selected in a large area on a sunny day. The amount and number of bees placed were determined according to the amount of eggs in the moth. Released per hectare is generally 150,000 to 300,000, in two release, release 45 points per hectare, robust select maize plants at the point in which a portion of the leaf surface, torn in half along the main vein, taking half Place the bee card and gently roll it into a tube shape along the direction of the stalk. Do not roll the blade too tightly, and nail the bee card with wires, nails, etc. It should be mastered in the late stage of the bee stings of Trichogramma, and released when the bees are released. After the bees are hung in the field for 1 d, they can appear in large quantities.
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　　 (2) Utilization of Beauveria bassiana:
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1 The fungus of Beauveria bassiana can be parasitic on the corn borer larvae and pupa. Before the early winter larvae begin to resuscitate and sputum, the remaining straws are sprayed with Beauveria bassiana powder. Method stack of straw per cubic meter, per gram of fungus powder containing 100g of 10 billion spores, a discharge point, i.e. powder tube is inserted into the stack, rocking handle, when the stack surface has to fly sinensis.
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2 Beauveria bassiana is generally in the middle of the corn heart, with 500g of spores containing 5 billion to 10 billion of Beauveria bassiana powder, 5 kg of cinder particles , 2g per plant , can effectively prevent the damage of corn borer.
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3 Bt wettable powder In the hatching period of corn pupa eggs, 10 billion spores of Bt emulsion Bt WP 200 times per ml were sprayed in the field to effectively control pests.
Source: China Agricultural Promotion Network
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