Metal-air batteries are an important direction for the development of next-generation batteries. The principle is to discharge metal by reacting with oxygen in the air. Theoretically, the capacity of metal air batteries can be three times that of ordinary lithium-ion batteries. However, CO2 in the air is easily absorbed during the reaction, and CO2 causes deterioration of the electrolyte and degradation of the battery performance.
Professor Masashi Kawasaki of the Central University of Japan recently succeeded in developing a technology that can effectively eliminate CO2 components in lithium-air batteries, significantly improving the performance of such batteries.
The technique is to wrap two layers of metal thin film material on a silicon rod or copper rod with a diameter of about 5mm, the inner layer is silicon oxide or copper oxide, and the outer layer is lithium oxide for absorbing CO2. After the lithium oxide is energized, the temperature rises to 700°C, releasing CO2 to the outside world. With this device, essentially only 0.04% of CO2 in the air can be removed. Through continuous absorption and release of CO2 components by the outer layer of lithium oxide, the battery can be used repeatedly and efficiently.
Professor Oishi hopes to reduce the diameter of the device to approximately 1 mm in half a year to one year, and realize miniaturization and practical use of the device. He also plans to machine the device into a spiral and absorb CO2 more efficiently by increasing its surface area.
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