Energy Saving Analysis of Fan and Pump Frequency Control

Energy is an important material basis for the country. The contradiction between supply and demand of energy has become one of the major factors that constrain the socialist economic construction in our country. On the issue of energy, the State Council put forward the principle of "saving and developing equally", which is based on technological progress and regards energy conservation as the key technical and economic policy for solving the energy issue. According to incomplete statistics, there are 15 million electric motors in fans, pumps and compressors in the country, accounting for 40% to 50% of the total generating capacity of the country. Most of these electric motors operate at low electric energy utilization rates. As long as these electric motors Utilization rate increased by 10 ~ 15%, saving more than 30 billion kW throughout the year. According to the thermal power design code SDJ-79, the air flow margin of the sending and drawing fan of the coal-fired boiler is respectively 5% and 5% -10%, and the wind pressure margin is respectively 10% and 10% -15%. The design process is difficult to calculate the resistance of the pipe network, and taking into account the long-term operation of the various problems that occur, the system is always the maximum air volume and wind pressure margin as the basis for selection, but the fan model and the limited series Often, can not choose the right fan model up *, Margins greater than 20 ~ 30% is more common. Therefore, the operation of these fans, only * adjust the damper or duct damper opening to meet the requirements of the production process of air volume. Fan and pump mechanical properties are square torque characteristics, pump operation, * valve opening to adjust the flow to meet the water requirements, conditions similar to the fan, * adjust the damper, duct damper or valve opening to adjust Fan air flow, pump flow method, known as throttling regulation, in the process of throttling regulation, the inherent characteristics of the fan or pump unchanged, only the * small door, baffle or valve opening, artificially increase the resistance of the pipeline , Thus increasing the loss of piping system is not conducive to fan, pump energy-saving operation. Using speed control device, by changing the fan pump speed, thereby changing the fan air flow, pump flow to meet the needs of the production process, this regulation is called fan pump speed control. Fan, pump speed control mode to run the most energy-efficient, the highest overall efficiency. AC motor speed control methods have a variety of variable frequency speed control is efficient and optimal speed control program, it can be achieved, fan pump stepless speed regulation, and can easily form a closed-loop control system to achieve constant pressure or constant flow control . First, the fan pump frequency control power saving principle: Fan pump in the pipeline R1 song work, the working point is A, the flow pressure was Q1, H1, when the fan pump power is proportional to H1 and The product of Q1, which is proportional to the area of ​​AH1OQ1. Due to the process requirements to reduce air flow (flow) to Q2, in fact, by increasing the pipe network resistance, the fan pump operating point to R2 on the B point, wind pressure (water pressure) increased to H2, then the fan pump The power required is proportional to the area of ​​H2Q2, which is approximately the area of ​​the wider BH2OQ2. Obviously the required power of the fan pump has increased. Although the regulation of this control is simple, but the power consumption is not conducive to energy saving, high operating costs in exchange for a simple control method. If using variable frequency speed control, fan pump speed from n1 down to n2, then the work point from point A to point C, the flow is still Q2, the pressure from H1 down to H3, then the frequency control fan (pump) The power required is proportional to the product of H3 and Q2, which is proportional to the area of ​​CH3OQ2. As can be seen from the figure, the power reduction is obvious. Second, fan water energy calculation: fan pump flow changes, as mentioned earlier, the use of frequency control is energy-saving measures. According to GB12497 motor economic management and operation of the provisions of the following formula. Using the baffle to adjust the flow rate corresponds to the relationship between the motor input power P1V and the flow rate Q as: P1V≈ [0.45 + 0.55 (Q / QN) 2] P1e (1) Where: P1e-- motor rated power input power (kW). QN - rated flow III. Application example: A cement plant shaft kiln centrifugal fan 245KW, the motor 4 pole, the actual amount of wind 0.6 to 0.7, ready to drive transformation of the inverter to estimate the saving rate and payback period. Taking the Q / QN = 0.65, the shaft power required by the fan when adjusting the air volume of the damper by the formula (1) is as follows: P1V = [0.45 + 0.55 (0.65) 2] 245 = 0.6428 × 245 = 157 157kW, the frequency converter governor adjusts the air volume relative to adjust the throttle air volume saving rate is 0.6. Annual power savings, calculated by 300 days per year. 24 × 306 × 157 × 60% = 678240KWh ≈ 67.8 (million kWh) Annual electricity saving fee (electricity price 0.40 yuan / kWh) 0.4 × 678240 = 270,000 yuan Payback period: Payback period = total investment in equipment Electricity (yuan) = 18 ÷ 27 = 0.67 (year) = 8 (months) It can be determined, the cement plant shaft kiln centrifugal fan driven by the inverter, the annual electricity savings of 678,000 kWh, the annual electricity savings of 270,000 Yuan, the payback period is 8 months, and the technical and economic benefits are considerable. The cement factory ordered a cabinet, built-Senlan BT40S250kW inverter, while the other open, fuses, meters, lights, etc., worth 180,000 yuan. After put into operation, the frequency of the inverter is adjusted to about 35Hz to meet the requirements of the kiln vertical air volume. At this moment, the motor current is about 210A, the inverter voltage is 298V, the actual output power is P = √3 IVCOφ4 = 3 × 210 × 298 × 0.9≈ 97.5kW and the theoretical value of 157 × 0.6 = 94.2kW ​​basically consistent. Through the above analysis we can see that the fan pump frequency converter speed control, energy-saving effect is obvious, in addition, the mechanical speed reduced, the mechanical wear and tear reduce the service life, the indirect economic benefits are also considerable.

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