1, the source, nature and nutrients of allicin
Garlic is a lily family, a perennial herbaceous plant, cultivated all over the world, and has a long history of cultivation and application in China. Chinese medicine believes that garlic is spicy, warm, can relieve qi, warm spleen and stomach, eliminate disease, detoxification and insecticide.
Allicin is an extract or a mixture of garlic, rich in organic nutrients, containing crude protein, fat, crude fiber, whole sugar, a small amount of calcium, phosphate minerals and thiamine, riboflavin, garlic oil and so on. In addition, it also contains 17 kinds of amino acids and mineral elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, sodium, zinc, manganese, iron and boron.
The active ingredient of allicin is garlic oil. The physical and chemical properties of allicin depend on garlic oil.
Natural garlic oil can be extracted by steam distillation, organic solvent extraction, etc., containing 16 kinds of sulfur-containing compounds, of which propyl disulfide (about 60%) and dipropylene disulfide (23%) are contained in higher content. %~39%), dipropylene trisulfide (13%~19%) and methyl disulfide.
The synthesized allicin is mainly composed of dipropylene monosulfide, disulfide, trisulfide (garlicin), and tetrasulfide. Monothioether has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and disulfide and trisulfide have stable properties and strong bactericidal ability. Tetrasulfide is unstable and will release sulfur and other unidentified substances for a long time. Monothioether is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of 139 ° C; disulfide is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a special garlic flavor, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, boiling point 139 ~ 139 ° C; trisulfide is Colorless to pale yellow liquid, boiling point 139 ~ 140 ° C; tetrathioether is light brown to brown red, boiling point 140 ° C.
2, the nutritional and physiological functions of allicin
2.1 Prevention and treatment of diseases, enhance the body's immunity
The disulfide and trisulfide in allicin can enter the cytoplasm through the cell membrane of the pathogen, and oxidize the hydroxyl-containing enzyme to a disulfide bond, thereby inhibiting cell division and destroying the normal metabolism of the pathogen and the cancer cell. Allicin can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of Shigella, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae, and has obvious inhibitory and killing effects on Staphylococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, etc. Certain fungi, protozoa, etc. are also used for certain inhibition and killing. A variety of active substances in allicin enhance cell metabolism, increase vitality, and enhance immunity.
2.2 Increase appetite and increase animal feed intake
Allicin has a strong attracting effect. Garlic oil is a kind of aroma. Most animals, such as fish and poultry, like this smell. Allicin can stimulate the animal's sense of smell and taste, and increase feed intake. The garlic in the feed can not be added in excess, otherwise it will cause excessive intake of livestock and poultry.
2.3 Improve the quality of livestock and poultry products and reduce the cost of feeding
Allicin can enhance the aroma components in broilers and laying hens. Adding a certain amount of garlic to the feed of chickens can make the flavor of chicken thicker. The method of adding garlic to the feed is simple and easy, the cost is low, and it is easy to promote. The garlic can be soaked, peeled, sliced, dried (or dried), then pulverized and packaged for use.
2.4 Improving the growth environment of animals
Volatile sulfur compounds in allicin can drive away the sucking of feed and feces by the fly, and the allicin is converted into garlicin under the action of enzymes in the body. It can enter the pit after being discharged from the urine, which can prevent the fly from being in the feces. Reproductive urinary and larval growth reduce harassment of mosquitoes and animals, reduce disease transmission, and improve the surrounding environment.
2.5 Promote animal growth and development performance, increase daily weight gain
Allicin can enhance the secretion of gastric juice, gastrointestinal motility, stimulate the appetite of animals, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by the digestive tract, promote the growth of animals, increase daily weight gain, improve feed remuneration, and improve feed utilization. .
3, the application of allicin in animal production
3.1 Application in pig production
Allicin can improve the growth and development of pigs, improve the growth environment of pigs, improve the disease resistance of pigs, and increase daily weight gain and feed utilization.
Huang Ruihua et al (2002) added 25% allicin 200g/t to the diet of weaned piglets. The results showed that compared with the control group, the daily weight gain of the experimental group increased by 16.5% (P<0.05), and the weight-to-weight ratio decreased by 13%. P<0.05), while the internal and external environment was improved, and the amount of feces and flies was reduced. Xu Jianrong et al (2001), Huang Xuequan et al (2000) test showed that allicin can increase the daily weight gain of piglets and reduce the ratio of meat to meat. Liu Yutian (1999), Wu Shugeng et al (2001) believe that allicin can improve the unpleasant smell of some drugs and raw materials in feed, improve the palatability of feed, and promote the appetite of weaned piglets. Ren Pei Tao (1997) reported that adding 5% allicin to the feed of growing and finishing pigs increased the appetite and increased weight gain of pigs. According to the study, adding 3% garlic to the lactating sow feed can increase the daily feed intake of the sow by more than 2kg, and add 2% garlic to the piglets weaned for 15~25d. The daily weight gain of the piglets can be increased by 6.9% or more. The ratio of meat to meat is reduced by 4.8 or more. Allicin increases the secretion of gastric juice in piglets, enhances gastrointestinal motility and stimulates the appetite of piglets, produces a strong attracting effect, promotes the absorption of nutrients by the digestive tract, and promotes the growth and development of pigs. Allicin can also be used to control many swine diseases, such as controlling aphids, mites, and paratyphoid fever in pigs, treating gastroenteritis, rheumatism, and tetanus in pigs.
3.2 Application in poultry production
Garlic is added to the feed of chickens to increase appetite and improve production performance. Yuan Zhizhu et al. (1998) reported that the addition of allicin (25%) to broilers can significantly increase the daily gain of broiler piglets and increase the survival rate by more than 3%. Zheng Cheng et al. (1998) reported that the addition of allicin to broiler feed increased the average weight gain of broilers by 8.7% and the consumption by 5%. Jia Weibin et al (1997) used 10% synthetic allicin and iodinated modified allicin, mixed with chicken feed at 60mg/kg, which can increase the daily gain by 7.54% and 11.31%, respectively, and increase the survival rate by 1.2%. 2.4%. He Guorui et al. (1997) showed that the addition of allicin to the feed of broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of age resulted in an increase in daily gain and feed remuneration, and a decrease in feed to meat ratio. Bai Song et al. (1997) showed that the addition of allicin to the laying hens increased the egg production rate by 5.3% and the egg-to-egg ratio by 6.93%. Huang Yude (1996) added allicin to the laying hens and found that the egg production increased by 11.36% and the egg-to-egg ratio decreased by 6.91%. The study believes that the use of allicin, organic germanium and selenium to form an additive to feed the laying hens can increase the egg production rate and prolong the peak of egg production. Liu Zongzheng (1999) showed that the increase in absolute weight gain of meat ducks was 4.36~8.29%, and the feed consumption was reduced by 1.69%~5.93%. Adding allicin to the feed can improve the body's disease resistance and enhance immunity. It can be used to control many poultry diseases, such as chicken white pheasant, poultry cholera, and chicken mites.
3.3 Application in aquaculture
Adding allicin to aquatic feed can increase the appetite of aquatic animals, increase feed intake and weight gain, improve meat quality, reduce disease occurrence, and increase survival rate.
Jia Weibin et al (1997, 1999) added 100mg/kg allicin to the carp bait to increase the weight gain by 13.3%, and the feed compensation and economic benefits increased by 5.5% and 15~25% respectively. Fu Tonglu et al. (1990) found that allicin has a strong attracting effect, which increases the feeding rate of grass carp, carp and carp. Zeng Hong et al. (1996) and Hu Shijie (1999) added allicin to tilapia bait. The experiment showed that tilapia gained weight and the survival rate increased. Hu Shiliang et al (2000) added 50, 100, 150mg/kg allicin to the bullfrog feed, and fed the bullfrog with the specification of about 100g. After 30d test, the results showed that the survival rate and weight gain rate of the test group were better than the control. group. The weight gain rate of the experimental group was 15.2% higher than that of the control group. The weight gain rate of the test group with 100 mg/kg allicin was 19.5% higher than that of the control group, and the feed coefficient was 20.6% lower than that of the control group. Studies have shown that the long-term feeding of allicin can improve the quality of aquatic animal meat, make the meat of the fish fine, the proportion of fish fat is reduced, and the meat tastes delicious. Allicin can prevent aquatic animal diseases caused by dysentery bacilli, cholera, typhoid bacillus, staphylococcus, streptococcus, mold, etc., such as enteritis, rotten sputum, red skin and bleeding diseases, and improve survival rate.
3.4 Application in herbivore production
The addition of allicin to the feed can increase the weight gain of the meat herbivore and improve the feed utilization rate. The cow can increase the milk yield and milk fat percentage, prevent and cure many diseases, and improve the survival rate.
Huang Yude et al. (1997) added 0.1% allicin powder to dairy cow's diet concentrate. It was found that allicin can produce a strong natural flavor of the concentrate, which has a strong attracting effect on the cows, so that the average cow produces milk per day. The amount increased by 2.28kg, the increase rate was 11.22% (P<0.05), the milk fat percentage increased by 4.30%, and the daily consumption of concentrate decreased by 0.8kg per head. Huang Yude et al. (1997) added 1% garlic to New Zealand meat rabbit diet. The increase in daily gain was 21% (P<0.01), and the ratio of feed to meat decreased by 21.7%.
Allicin can be used to treat bovine colds, rumen belching, lamb dysentery, horse abdominal pain, coccidiosis in rabbits, gastroenteritis, dysentery, colds and other diseases.
4, the application prospects of garlic and the attention of the problem
4.1 Allicin is a safe and pollution-free natural antibiotic. It has no residue in animal body, is not easy to produce drug resistance, has no change, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, low cost and wide range of sources. However, allicin is also very unstable. Under suitable conditions, it is easy to decompose to produce a variety of allyl sulfides, which produce garlic odor. At present, the stability of the developed iodinated modified allicin is higher than that of allicin. Therefore, the stability of allicin should be further studied.
4.2 The amount of allicin added in the feed is not as good as possible. It is necessary to choose the appropriate amount. If long-term use of high-dose allicin (such as 50mg/kg) may cause garlic acidity after slaughter; Causes indigestion, damage and congestion of the small intestine mucosa, in addition to attention to the uniform mixing of allicin in the feed.
Epoxy Anti - Static Level Coating
Scope of adaptation:
Walls, floors and storage tanks for all kinds of antistatic factories such as electronics, microelectronics, telecommunications, computers, precision instruments, textiles, printing, powders, chemicals, organic solvents.Performance characteristics:
1, excellent anti-static lasting effect, the use of static black carbon fiber manufacturing,
2, dust-proof, moisture-proof, wear-resistant;
3,Smooth surface.
Generally 5 years or more
1,Base surface treatment;
2,Brush seal primer
3,Laying copper foils
4,Trowel coated epoxy conductive coating
5,Grinding, vacuuming
6,Roll coating anti static epoxy coating
Technical index:
|
project |
index |
|
|
Drying time |
Table dry |
≤4 |
|
Hard work |
≤24 |
|
|
Adhesion (grade) |
≤I |
|
|
Pencil hardness |
≥2H |
|
|
Impact resistance |
40 Pass |
|
|
Flexibility |
3mm Pass |
|
|
Wear resistance(750g/500r,weightlessness,g) |
≤0.03 |
|
|
Water resistance |
48 hours no change |
|
|
Resistant to 10% sulfuric acid |
56 days no change |
|
|
Resistance to 10% sodium hydroxide |
56 days no change |
|
|
Gas-resistant, 120% " |
56 days no change |
|
|
Surface resistance |
105-108 |
|
|
Volume resistance |
105-108 |
|
Epoxy Anti - Static Level Coating
Epoxy Anti - Static Level Coating,Anti-Static Epoxy Topcoat,Epoxy Topcoat Material,Epoxy Finish Antistatic Material,Epoxy Antistatic Self-Leveling Floor
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