In 2011, the starting point of Sichuan wheat autumn sowing was good, and the favorable factors were obvious. First, the basic seedlings are sufficient. According to the sample survey data, the field of 150-200,000 seedlings per mu is 42.6%, and the fields of 100,000 to 150,000 and 20-25,000 are 39.8%. Second, the quality of sowing is high, the mechanized planting area is expanded, the proportion of rice buckwheat is half-rotating, the whole process of shallow-rotating, and the amount of exposure is increased by more than 30% compared with the previous year. The growth is consistent. Belt-type air-casting technology is widely used in hilly drylands to ensure effective planting area and lay a foundation for high yield. Third, the soil is full of moisture, not only the soil during the seedling emergence is good, but also there is no longer a long time or a large range of soil drought throughout the seedling period. At present, even in the dry land of Zhongjiang, Jianyang and Santai in the old arid areas, the soil water content is more than 20%, and the average sampling area is 25.1%; the soil moisture content of the rice field is higher, generally 30 %—40%.
The current problems are: 1. Rice buckwheat is prominent. From the autumn of wheat to the seedling stage, the temperature is significantly higher than normal. High temperature combined with good soil moisture, so that a considerable part of the rice seedlings grow too fast, currently in the 5-6 leaves, and some even close to 7 leaves, one more leaves than in the same period of the year. The wheat seedlings are tall and not strong, and the plants are as high as 45-60 cm. The leaves are slender and sag, and the plants are soft and appear "falling". In the wheat field with a large amount of sowing, the winter solstice seedlings are as high as 500,000 to 600,000. 2. Some wheat fields are insufficient. First, the growth of rice buckwheat is too high, and a considerable proportion of wheat fields have a problem of insufficient population. Second, the sowing date is normal, but due to the high temperature, the tillering activity is inhibited, and the ending time of tillering is obviously earlier than normal, and there is no bifurcation in the head. Third, the quality of the sowing is not high, such as too deep sowing, or the lack of cover, resulting in fewer seedlings and less tillers. Insufficient winter solstice seedlings, early tillering, and small populations will affect the final effective number of panicles. 3. The wet damage is prominent and the insects are raised. In the hilly trough, the terrain is low in water, and the rain is sufficient, and the wet damage is more obvious. In the paddy field, the paddy field is caused by the rolling of the implements, especially at the two ends of the field. The wheat grows poorly, the leaves are yellow, the root function is blocked, and the growth is small. In addition, due to the high temperature, coupled with excessive growth, some wheat field mites have been breeding.
In response to the above situation, the following management measures are proposed:
Control the long wheat fields. For Wangchang rice buckwheat, it should be based on "control" to delay the birth process. The technical measures taken are, first, the application of chlormequat in advance. Spraying chlormequat is an effective measure to control the long wheat field. The second is to postpone irrigation. Rice buckwheat is generally irrigated and topdressed before and after jointing. Due to the prosperous wheat, it is recommended to postpone the irrigation time until after the jointing. If you still can't control the momentum after the jointing, you can cancel the irrigation. The third is to carefully topdress. Farmers tend to use fertilizer more casually. When the color of the leaves is slightly yellowish, or if others are also topdressing, they follow the topdressing and some are blind. In the case of prosperous wheat, whether it is necessary to fertilize and trace how much fertilizer should be carefully calculated according to the amount of base fertilizer, it can be reduced by 5%-10% on the basis of annual dosage. If the base fertilizer is not used much, the wheat field group is not very large, and the wheat field with yellow and yellow color can also be properly topdressed after jointing to ensure the normal development.
Strengthen weak seedlings to promote management. For late-sowing and small-scale wheat fields, we should focus on “promoting†and strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. The hilly dryland wheat planted after November 10, 2011 has a small leaf age, generally around 4 leaves and 1 heart. The tillering activity has not stopped. The management of fertilizer and water can not only increase tillering, but also have enough number of people at jointing. Moreover, it can promote the differentiation of panicles, strive to form large spikes, and increase the number of grains per panicle to compensate for the inadequacy of the number of panicles. At present, the soil is relatively moist, and this favorable condition should be used as soon as possible for topdressing. The quick-acting fertilizer such as ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium phosphate with 5-10 kg of urea or similar nitrogen is used. It is best to use fresh manure water. If the soil is dry but lacks manure, it should be combined with a part of clean water to maximize the effect of fertilizer.
Strengthen monitoring and control pests. The population is large and the temperature is high, which is good for pests to occur. Some wheat field locusts are seriously damaging, especially in large wheat fields, where the basal worms are large. Once the standard is reached, drug control is applied. At the same time, pay attention to the ditch drainage work of the rice paddy field, especially the hilly trough field, and the wheat field due to the crushing plate.
Pe Wax,Waxing,Wax Pen,Wax Museum
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