Non-polluted green fruit requires that the harmful substances contained in the fruit must meet national safety standards. Therefore, the content of harmful substances such as pesticide residues, heavy metals and nitrates cannot exceed the standard. Therefore, the use of chemical pesticides should be reduced in plant protection, and the use of biological pesticides and biological natural enemies should be promoted to protect the environment and maintain ecological balance.
(1) Pollution-free control of pests
1. Use natural enemies to control pests. There are many natural enemies of various pests in nature, and the rational use of these natural enemies has a great effect on the control of pests. For example, the use of seven-spotted ladybugs, two-spotted ladybugs, and many other ladybugs, such as ladybugs and larvae, can prey on various aphids, mites, scale insects, and whiteflies, and can prey on aphids and spider mites. The eggs are produced in the eggs of P. sinensis using the Trichogramma. The larvae feed on the parasitic egg yolk after hatching, so that the eggs can not hatch and kill the eggs. Nowadays natural enemies have basically completed artificial breeding and can be used for production.
2, the use of a variety of microorganisms and growth agents to control pests, some fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms or growth regulators to promote pests or cause pests and physiological disorders, kill pests. For example, the use of Beauveria bassiana to control P. sinensis, the use of Bacillus thuringiensis to control the moth, the moth, the leaf moth, the ruler, etc., the use of antibiotics to control red spiders, the use of chlorbenzuron pesticides, control of the American white moth, etc., the effect is very satisfactory.
3. Use pests to control pests. For example, the use of sweet and sour liquid to trap P. sinensis, brown leaf moth, small leaf moth, pear big heartworm, golden moth, peach insectivore and other insects, all play a certain role in pest control and insect control.
(2) Pollution-free control of diseases The disease-causing pests are mainly based on prevention and treatment, and the most commonly used non-polluting agents are stone sulfur mixture and Bordeaux mixture.
1. Stone sulphur mixture: Before the germination of the fruit tree, spray the Bamei 3~5 degree stone sulphur mixture for sterilization and insecticide, which can prevent grape powdery mildew, peach leaf defect, bacterial perforation, pear round sputum, etc. Bubomei 0.3~0.5 degree stone sulfur mixture can prevent powdery mildew and treat cockroach pests.
2. Bordeaux mixture: Bordeaux mixture is used for leaf fruit protection and sterilization in the growing season. 200~240 times excess Bordeaux mixture can prevent pear black spot disease, brown spot disease, etc., 200 times half-quantity Bordeaux liquid to control grape black pox disease, downy mildew, brown spot disease and so on. Take care to prevent the Bordeaux mixture from contaminating the fruit surface. It should not be used until the fruit is removed from the bag until it is harvested.
(III) Use of chemical agents Chemical agents, such as various organic phosphorus, sulfur, and arsenic agents used in our daily life, are highly toxic, highly toxic, and residual. They can be used under conditions that cannot be controlled by pollution-free preparations. The speed killing and protection effect should be prepared in strict accordance with the requirements of use. It is not advisable to increase the concentration and application range at will, and reduce environmental pollution and pesticide residues.
(1) Pollution-free control of pests
1. Use natural enemies to control pests. There are many natural enemies of various pests in nature, and the rational use of these natural enemies has a great effect on the control of pests. For example, the use of seven-spotted ladybugs, two-spotted ladybugs, and many other ladybugs, such as ladybugs and larvae, can prey on various aphids, mites, scale insects, and whiteflies, and can prey on aphids and spider mites. The eggs are produced in the eggs of P. sinensis using the Trichogramma. The larvae feed on the parasitic egg yolk after hatching, so that the eggs can not hatch and kill the eggs. Nowadays natural enemies have basically completed artificial breeding and can be used for production.
2, the use of a variety of microorganisms and growth agents to control pests, some fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms or growth regulators to promote pests or cause pests and physiological disorders, kill pests. For example, the use of Beauveria bassiana to control P. sinensis, the use of Bacillus thuringiensis to control the moth, the moth, the leaf moth, the ruler, etc., the use of antibiotics to control red spiders, the use of chlorbenzuron pesticides, control of the American white moth, etc., the effect is very satisfactory.
3. Use pests to control pests. For example, the use of sweet and sour liquid to trap P. sinensis, brown leaf moth, small leaf moth, pear big heartworm, golden moth, peach insectivore and other insects, all play a certain role in pest control and insect control.
(2) Pollution-free control of diseases The disease-causing pests are mainly based on prevention and treatment, and the most commonly used non-polluting agents are stone sulfur mixture and Bordeaux mixture.
1. Stone sulphur mixture: Before the germination of the fruit tree, spray the Bamei 3~5 degree stone sulphur mixture for sterilization and insecticide, which can prevent grape powdery mildew, peach leaf defect, bacterial perforation, pear round sputum, etc. Bubomei 0.3~0.5 degree stone sulfur mixture can prevent powdery mildew and treat cockroach pests.
2. Bordeaux mixture: Bordeaux mixture is used for leaf fruit protection and sterilization in the growing season. 200~240 times excess Bordeaux mixture can prevent pear black spot disease, brown spot disease, etc., 200 times half-quantity Bordeaux liquid to control grape black pox disease, downy mildew, brown spot disease and so on. Take care to prevent the Bordeaux mixture from contaminating the fruit surface. It should not be used until the fruit is removed from the bag until it is harvested.
(III) Use of chemical agents Chemical agents, such as various organic phosphorus, sulfur, and arsenic agents used in our daily life, are highly toxic, highly toxic, and residual. They can be used under conditions that cannot be controlled by pollution-free preparations. The speed killing and protection effect should be prepared in strict accordance with the requirements of use. It is not advisable to increase the concentration and application range at will, and reduce environmental pollution and pesticide residues.
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