The effective use of biomass resources is an important measure to ease the energy crisis, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainable social development. Crop straw has become an important biorefinery raw material because of its wide range of production, large annual production capacity, non-competition with people, and high cellulose and hemicellulose content. However, due to the complexity, toughness and high heterogeneity of straw components, the degrading enzyme systems required for different crop straws in the biorefinery process may be different. Therefore, clarifying the commonalities and characteristics of different crop straws used in the microbial degradation process can help rationally modify the biomass degrading bacteria, develop an effective microbial direct conversion strategy from straw to products, and realize the biological refining of chemicals and fuels.
Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Tian Chaoguang study group of Neurospora crassa as the research object, select China's five main crop straw (barley, wheat, corn, rice and soybean straw) as the sole carbon source, the first The second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology (RNA-Seq) systematically explored the characteristics of fungi that respond to different biomass substrates. Gene diversity analysis showed that 430 genes were up-regulated by species straw, which was the core of plant biomass and contained a large number of carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) genes. In this response core, although some genes were up-regulated under carbon starvation conditions, 252 genes were specifically induced by plant biomass and belong to the biomass regulator (Biomass regulon). Further analysis by comparison with the Avicel, Xylan and Pectin regulons revealed that 88 genes were only induced on biomass. By screening the transcription factors in these 88 specific databases, it was found that the deletion of the transcription factor rca-1 can significantly increase the enzyme production of Neurospora crassa on crop straw; therefore, it is presumably due to the lack of rca- on the biomass. 1 Helps inhibit the expression of clr-2, one of the core hinges of cellulase regulation. The deletion of the negative control factor cre-1 on the basis of Δrca-1 can further increase the expression level of lignocellulase when Neurospora crassa is grown on biomass.
The study was funded by the National Science and Technology Plan project such as the "973" Plan (2011CB707403). Relevant research results were published in Bioenergy for Biofuels, a major international journal in the field of bioenergy, and Wang Bang, a doctoral student at Tianjin Institute of Industrial Engineering, was the first author of the paper.
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